Nigerian pidgin used to be seen mainly as the code of non-literate as well as a bastardization of English, therefore, was considered as indicative of academic proficiency in English. It basically uses English words mixed into Yoruba, Benin or Igbo grammar. Shaibu (p.13) describes Nigerian pidgin as a combination of indigenous languages and English. where it is used among people belonging to different ethnic groups majority in the southern parts of Nigeria. Francesco goes on to elaborate that the use of Nigerian Pidgin English is now more rampant even the educated people of the country use it to enact trade as evident in big cities ports, towns etc. people who spoke the Pidgin English were either undetected or deemed to be uneducated. In the past the use of Pidgin English Nigeria was mainly identified with non- educated people i.e. It is part of a continuum of English pidgin and creoles spoken in other West Africa countries like Cameroon, Ghana, Benin republic, Sierra Leone etc. This language is then transferred by word of mouth to others and becomes the acknowledged way for the different speaking communities to communicate.Īs Francesco Goglici (p.1) notes, Pidgin in Nigeria has its origin traced historically in trade contact between the British and local people in" the seventeenth century. When people need to communicate but speak different native languages, they may combine their own languages to create a new ‘pidgin language'. A pidgin language is a variety created by combining two or more existing languages through the process of ‘pidginization’. Major language changes usually occur over centuries, but the language contact that forms pidgins results in ‘rapid language change and evolution’ (Patrick. It is most commonly employed in situations such as trade, or where both groups speak languages different from the language of the country in which they reside. A pidgin, or pidgin language is a simplified version of a language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common. To support this idea he points out that in the ancient Egypt there was a trade language developed among several Hamito-Semitic languages in contact in the Nile Valley, which can be considered a pidgin. 21) considers language contact to be nearly as old as language itself. is formed from numerous languages and influences, pidgin is a wide term covering a range of regional hybrids, which evolved through historical events such as the spread of empires, settlements, migration and international trade. It is an inter-ethnic code available to Nigerians, who have no other common language.Īccording to Alastair Kane Pidgin English is "the mongrel language of the world, and a patchwork tongue of trade, migration empires and historical movement Alastair Kane (p.19) claims that “pidgin English, in its varying forms is a lingua Franca- a simplified bridge language evolving through necessity, enter extended contact between language”. They insist that apart from their education, living within the university communities, the students are likely to enact more urban networks that are usually made up of multilingual and multi-cultural contents.Īkande (p.38) argues that Pidgin English could be regarded as a marker of identity and solidarity. There are several assumptions by Akande and Salami (p.10) which say that the urban characters of the university environments are strong factors influencing the students' use and attitudes to Nigerian Pidgin English. This is to say that in pidgin, there are no strict rules given in utterances. Pidgins are mostly inventionist and innovative in nature and because of their spontaneous adaptability, they can be as structured or as unstructured as needed unlike other languages. In Africa, pidgins found include Nigerian pidgin, Cameroonian pidgin, Serria Leone Krio etc. It is a language derived from tile mix of various languages such as Igbo, Edo, Yoruba, Effik etc. Nigerian pidgin English described as a combination of indigenous language and English. Pidgin generally is a simplified means of communication between or among individuals of different cultures or ethnicities. ![]() ![]() 2.8 The Place of Pidgin in Contemporary Nigerian SocietyĬHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONĤ.1.3.1 Reasons for Occurrence of Code-switchingĬHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSIONīIBLOGRAPHY CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study
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